Concrete structure.



G. B. GRADY.

CONCRETE STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED APE.17, 1907.

Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

3 SHEETBBHEET 1.

G. B. GRADY.

CONCRETE STRUCTURE.

APPLIOATION FILED APE.17, 1907 Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

gybbneo a c a G. B. GRADY.

GONGRETE STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED APB..17, 1907.

Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UOOOOH CHARLES BENEDICT GRADY, OF WEST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

CONCRETE STRUCTURE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

- Application filed April 1'7, 1907. Serial No. 868,740.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES BENEDICT GRADY, a citizen of the United States, and residing at West Orange, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented new and useful Improvements in Concrete Structures, of which the following is a specification.

My resent invention relates to construction 0 floors for buildin s, especially structural steel buildings, an the objects aimed at by me are, among others, first, the employment of a preformed concrete floor-slab aving embedded therein one or more strengthening members, preferably constituting floor-beams of a finished building; second, the production of a new, simple and exceedingly strong floor-slab comprising a hardened concrete mass and reinforcement therein embedded; third, the production of a new form of floor-girder for a building, and, fourth, such other objects and advantages as will appear in the following description of my improvements.

Referring to the accompanyin drawings, Figure 1 is a widthwise sectiona view of a floor-slab embodying my improvements; Fig. 2 is a plan view of a portion of a floor of a building, showing several floor-slabs in position; Fig. 3 is a sectional view, widthwise of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a view, taken crosswise of any of the slabs shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view showing the manner of securing the floor-slabs to a floorirder, and the manner of securing adjacent oor-slabs together; Fig. 6 is a sectional view of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is an enlarged side view, broken away, of the plate girder which I preferably use, and which when embedded in a floor-slab constitutes the strengthenin rib thereof, as well as a floor-beam of a buil ing Fig. 8 illustrates the position of several floorslabs upon a shop-floor, when produced according to my new method as hereinafter described; and Fig. 9 represents a sectional view of Fig. 8 with mold-boards in place, and concrete filled into the molds.

The floor slabs of my invention are of the type which may be termed reformed, made, for example, in a shop or factory as distinguished from being made in situ.

The preferred form of floor-slab made according to my invention consists of a mass of hardened concrete, formed as roughly as debody of the slab. Each plate extends entirely across the slab and projects therefrom at each side edge sufficiently to be bolted to a part connected with a floor-girder, and each slab is shown, also, as provided with rods embedded in the slab, at right angles to and passing through. the metallic plates aforesaid, and the ends of said rods also roject from the slab whereby successive s abs may be secured together.

B indicates the metallic strengthening plates referred to. They may be of any suitable form, but I prefer long and broad plates each having its lower edge strengthened or reinforced, for instance, by long and narrow metallic strips E, as shown, shorter than the plates B and bolted thereto at intervals. When afioor-slab is to be provided with two strengthening ribs, I prefer to use two plates B, disposed parallel, and to provide each plate with two lines of openings (see Fig. 7) lengthwise of the plate and near the upper edge thereof. Through the said openings, I pass rods G which are disposed in two rows, and said rods at their ends projecting from the slab, when formed, are provided with screw threads, for engaging couplings H. Before forming the slab, any other rods, such as rods 0 (Fig. 1), may be employed, and saddles, F (see also Fig. 7) may be secured in place, slightly separated from the plates B and passing underneath and at both sides of the latter. As shown in Fig. 7, the saddles may have holes in their upper ends coinciding with holes in the plate, and when applied before the rods are run into place, such rods will pass through the saddles as well as the plates. In order to give the rods abroad bearing in the slab, and to decrease the tendency of the rod to crush the concrete, I may provide (as shown in Fig. 1) short sleeves W between the sides of the plate B and the saddles, and short sleeves W at the outer sides of the saddles, and the rods G pass through said sleeves. As an alternative, I may bolt small flanged tubular pieces W to the opposite sides of the plate B in such position that the rods will pass through and bear against the tube portion, the flange portion being secured to plate B The mass of concrete may be formed around the frame in any desired manner, and when hardened will form a slab having a body A and ribs X, and embedding the plates B, rods G and O and parts \IV and W with the ends of the rods G projecting therefrom and with the ends C of plates B also projecting therefrom.

As shown in Fig. 6, the projecting ends C (before referred to) are provided with rows of openings for bolts N. And, as before stated, the projecting ends of rods G are screw-threaded.

The frame of a building is usually provided with floor-girders K o positely disposed as shown in Fig. 2, an set between columns L, L, and the floor-beams of the building are secured between and to opposite girders.

The metallic plates described and shown by me (and embedded in the floor-slabs) are sufficiently strong to act as floor-beams, and I, therefore, prefer to employ such plates for that purpose also and to bolt the same to the floor-girders, thus simplifying the construction and diminishing the cost of erection of the building by reason of the fact that I place the floor-slabs and the floor-beams into position at the same operation, and render the usual floor-beams unnecessary. By my system, therefore, it is necessary to assemble only the floor-girders and to then secure thereto, without the usual bolting of floorbeams to lace, complete floor-slabs prepared and iiardened many days in advance and pre-shaped to fit as desired. The mere bolting of the floor-slabs to place immediately completes the assembling of the girders, floor-beams and completed floorslabs.

Upon referring to Figs. 4, 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings, it will be seen that I preferably employ a form of floor-girder devised by me. Such girder has bolted to opposite sides thereof at the desired intervals angle-irons U, and to such angle-irons there are bolted plates M, projecting at right angles to the girder K. Atopposite sides of such girder and underneath and around its lower flanges, I secure concrete k, sufficiently thick and deep to cover the angle irons referred to, and from the concrete envelopment thus formed, the plates M project for a considerable distance, proportionately speak- As shown in Figs. 5 and 6, it is necessary only to lower a floor-slab into place, and place the bolts N through the ends 0 of the slabs and the plates M, whereupon the floorbeams, floor girders and floor slabs are finally assembled.

Each floor-slab, as before explained, has.

the ends of the rods G serew-tln'eaded, and adjacent ends of rods are engaged by the same union coupling II internally threaded to correspond to the ends of the rods.

, The spaces between floor-slabs and the floor-girders and between adjacent floorslabs will be filled with concrete in the usual The floor-slabs used by me may be made tances apart corresponding to the distances between the girders of the finished building. I then bolt, to plates projecting therefrom, the plates B, and. place alongside of the beam K (at spaces 2, Fig. 8) mold-boards, and at the spaces S I lace mold-strips S (Fig. 9), the said moldoards and the said moldstri s defining the outside limits of the slabs to shop, mold-boards 1 Concrete is then filled into the molds t us formed, until as shown in Fig. 9, the spaces between the boards are filled, and said boards may be withdrawn before said concrete is finally set. It is obvious that, as shown in Fig. 8, a number of floor-slabs may be simultaneously and exactly formed, and while they are'shown as formed in a reversed position this is not'at all disadvantageous.

By the word preformed in the claims, I mean manufactured elsewhere than in situ and sufficiently previously to allow settingof the concrete before the slab is connected in place. Concrete applied in am requires expensive and time-consuming methods of centering or temporarily supporting the concrete mass, which is obviated with articles such as that forming the subject hereof. By girder in the claims, I refer to the main floor members, these being usually the heaviest horizontal members which extend from column to column, and the space between which may run as high as fourteen feet or more. bridged over by my slab without needing'the previous setting up of floor beams extending from girder to girder; as has been sometimes done to so reduce the space as to allow a great number of tiles or comparatively small light slabs to be used, that can be simply laid in place.

What I claim is:

1. In a building, a floor comprising oppositely disposed floor girders, in combination with a pre-formed floor-slab extending from girder to girder, said slab consisting of a mass e formed. I also support in position, at a suitable distance above the floor of the This space is of hardened concrete and having embedded therein at least one metallic structure; said structure extendinghorizontally through and emerging from the concrete mass, the emerging ends being rigidly bolted to said girders, and said structure comprising a metallic tension portion extending horizontally through the concrete mass, located near the bottom of the concrete mass, substantially below the neutral axis of said slab; whereby said metallic structure as reinforced by said concrete may constitute a floor beam of the building besides acting as a strengthening member for said floor-slab.

In a building, a floor comprising oppositely disposed floor girders, in combination with a preformed floor-slab extending from girder to girder. said slab consisting of a mass of hardened concrete, and having embedded therein. metallic structures; each of said metallic. structures extending horizontally through and emerging from the concrete mass, the emerging ends being secured to said girders, and each structure comprising a metallic tension portion extending horizontally through the concrete mass, located near the bottom of the concrete mass, substantially below the neutral axis of said slab, and a depending concrete rib inclosing each horizontal tension portion whereby said metallic structure as reinforced by said concrete may constitute a floor-beam of the building, besides acting as a strengtheningmcmberlor said floor slab.

In a building, a floor comprising oppositely disposed floor girders, in combination with a pi'i 'l"o1'iii l il ')or-slab extending from girder to girder. said slab consisting of a mass of hardened concrete, and having embedded therein. metallic structures; each. of said metallic structures extending horizontally through and emerging from the concrete,

mass, the emerging ends being secured to said girders, and each. structure comprising a metallic tension portion extending horizontall through the concrete mass, located near the bottom of the concrete mass, substantially below the neutral axis of said slab, and each metallic structure having sufliciently great depth near its ends to extend from the level of said horizontal tension portion up to above the neutral axis of the-slab; whereby said metallic structure as reinforced by said concrete may constitute a floor beam of the building, besides acting as a strengthening member for said floor-slab.

4. In a building, a floor comprising oppositely disposed floor girders, in combination with a preformed floor-slab extending from girder to girder, said slab consisting of a mass of hardened concrete, and having embedded therein metallic structures; each of said metallic structures extending horizontally through and emerging from the concrete mass, the emerging ends being secured to said girders, and each structure comprising a metallic tension portion extending horizontally through the concrete mass, located near the. bottom of the concrete mass, substantially below the neutral axis of said slab, and each metallic structure having sulliciently great depth near its ends to extend from the level o'l' said horizontal tension portion up to above the neutral axis of the slab, and a depending concrete rib inclosing each horizontal tension portion; wl'iereby said metallic structure as reinforced by said concrete may constitute a floor beam of the building, besides acting as a strengthening member for said floor-slab.

5. In a building, a floor comprising oppositcly disposed floor girders, in combination with a preformed floor-slab extending from girder to girder, said slab consisting of a mass of lu'trdeued cmunete, and having embedded therein metallic structures; each of said metallic structures extending horizontally through and emerging from the concrete mass, the emerging ends being secured to said girders, and each structure comprising a metallic tension portion extending horizontally through the concrete mass, located near the bottom of the concrete mass, substantially below the neutral axis of said slab, and each metallic structure at its ends where emerging from the concrete having sulliciently great vertical dimension to extend from the level of said metallic tension portion upwards to substantially the slab top; whereby said metallic structure as reinforced by said concrete may constitute a floor beam of the building, besides acting as a strengthening member for said floor-slab.

6. In a building, a floor comprising oppositely disposed floor girders, in combination with a preformed floor-slab extending from girder to girder, said slab consisting of a mass of hardened concrete, and having embedded therein metallic structures; each of said metallic structures extending horizontally through and emerging from the concrete mass, the emerging ends being secured to said girders, and each structure comprising a metallic tension portion extending horizontally through the concrete mass, located near the bottom of the concrete mass, substan tially below the neutral axis of said slab, and each metallic structure at its ends Where emerging from the concrete having sufficiently great vertical dimension to extend from the level of said metallic tension portion upwards to substantially the slab top, and a depending concrete rib inclosing each horizontal tension portion; whereby said metallic structure as reinforced by said concrete may constitute a floor beam of the building, besides acting as a strengthening member for said floor-slab.

7. In a building, a floor comprising oppositely disposed floor girders, in combination with a pre-formed floor-slab extending from girder to girder, said slab consisting of 'a mass of hardened concrete and having em- 7 mass, the emerging ends being secured to said girders, and said structure comprising a metallic tension portion extending horizontally through the concrete mass, located near the bottom of the concrete mass, substantially below the neutral axis of said slab, and each structure at its ends where emerging from the concrete being rigid in character and having sufficiently great vertical dimension to extend from the level of said bottom flange upwards to substantially the slab top; whereby said metallic structure as reinforced by said concrete may constitute a floor beam of the building besides acting as a strengthening member for said floor-slab.

8. In a building a floor comprising oppositely disposed floor girders, in combination with apreformed floor-slab comprising a mass of hardened concrete adapted to fit between girders, and a metal structure embedded therein, the metal structure having a horizontal portion which is embedded in the slab entirely below the neutral axis thereof and constitutes a slab bottom flange, and also an embedded portion which extends a substantial distance above the neutral axis; the said metal structure emerging at its said portions both above and below the neutral axis, and the emerging ends secured to the girders with the said bottom flange at a level below the top of said girders.

9. In a building, a floor comprising oppositely disposed floor girders, in combination with a preformed floor-slab, comprising a mass of hardened concrete adapted to fit between said girders, and a plurality of metallic structures embedded therein, each structure having a horizontal portion which is embedded in the slab entirely below the neutral axis thereof, and also an embedded portion which extends a substantial distance above the neutral axis and a depending concrete rib inclosing each of said. horizontal portions located below the neutral axis;'the said metal structure emerging at its said portions both above and below the neutral axis, and the emerging ends secured to the girders.

10. In a building, a floor comprising oppositely disposed floor girders, in combination with. a preformed floor slab extending from girder to girder, said slab consisting of a mass of hardened concrete, and embedded therein rigid metallic structures; each of said metallic structures extending lengthwise through and emerging from the concrete mass, the emerging ends being secured to said girders, and said emerging ends having sufficiently great vertical dimension to extend substantially to the slab top, and each I tenslonportionextendinglengthwlse through,

comprising a metallic tension portion extending lengthwise through, and near the bottom of the concrete mass; whereby said metallic structure as reinforced by said concrete may constitute a floor beam of the building besides acting as a strengthening member for said floor slab; the concrete mass being formed with a top flange, and for each metallic structure a depending rib inclosing the lower part of the metallic structure.

11. In a building, a floor comprisin oppositely disposed floor girders, in com ination with means for uniting the ends of a floor beam to opposite floor girders and a preformed floor slab extending from girder to girder, said slab consisting of a mass of hardened concrete, and embedded therein rigid metallic structures, each of said metallic structures extending lengthwise through and emerging from the concrete mass, the emerging ends being united to said girders, and said emerging ends having sufiiciently great vertical dimension to extend substan-' ing as a strengthening member for said floor slab.

12. In a building, a floor comprisin oppositely disposed floor girders, in com ination with a preformed floor slab extending from girder to girder, said slab consisting of a mass of hardened concrete, and embedded therein a plurality of parallel rigid metallic structures; each of said metallic structures extending lengthwise through and emerging from the concrete mass, the emerging ends being supported by said girders and said emerging ends having sufliciently great vertical dimension to extend substantially to the slab topfand each comprising a metallic tension portion extending lengthwise through, and near the bottom of the concrete mass; whereby said metallic structure as reinforced by said concrete may constitute a floor beam of the building besides acting as a strengthening member for said floor slab.

13. In a building, a floor comprising oppositely disposed floor girders, in combination with a preformed floor slab extending from girder to girder, said slab consisting of a mass of hardened concrete, and embedded therein a plurality of parallel rigid, metallic and near the bottom of the concrete mass; bers having their ends projecting therefrom,

whereby said metallic structure as reinforced by said concrete may constitute a floor beam of the building besides actin as a strengthen ing member for said fioor s ab; the concrete mass being formed with a main horizontal portion, and a plurality of lengthwise ribs depending therefrom, each rib inclosing a metallic structure.

14. In a building, a floor comprisin oppositely disposed floor girders, in com ination with a preformed floor slab extending from girder to girder, said slab consisting of a mass of hardened concrete, and embedded therein at least one rigid metallic structure; said structure extending lengthwise through and emerging from the concrete mass, the emerging ends being supported by said girders and said emerging ends having sufficiently great vertical dimension to extend substantially to the slab top, and each comprising a metallic tension portion extending lengthwise through, and constituting apart of said metallic structure near the bottom of the concrete mass; whereby said metallic structure as reinforced by said concrete may constitute a floor beam of the building besides actin as a strengthening member for said floor s ab.

15. In a building, a floor comprising opposite metallic floor irders, concrete secured to the adjacent aces of the opposite girders, and plates secured to the metallic girders and projecting from the concrete, in combination with a preformed floor slab disosed between said floor irders and consist mg of a mass of hardened concrete having a metallic strengthening girder embedded in and having both ends free of said mass, and means securing said ends to the plates secured to the floor girders and projecting from the concrete.

16. In a building, a floor comprising opposite metallic floor girders, and plates secured to the metallic girders and pro'ecting therefrom, in combination with a pre ormed floor slab extending from 'rder to girder and consisting of a mass 0 hardened concrete ha a metallic strengthening structure embed ed therein with both ends free of the concrete mass, and means securing said ends to the aforesaid plates projecting from the floor girders.

17. In a building, a floor comprising opposite metallic floor ders, concrete se-' cpred to the adjacent aces of the opposite girders, and plates secured to the metallic girders and projecting from the concrete, in combination with a preformed floor slab extending from girder to girder and consisting of a mass of hardened concrete embedding metallic strengthening members said memand secured to the aforesaid plates projecting from the concrete of the floor girders.

18-. A preformed transportable floor slab constituting a building unit and consisting of a mass of hardened concrete in the form of a slab, a broad metallic plate provided with openings and embedded crosswise in said mass perpendicular to the faces of said slab, rods passin through said openings in said broad meta lic plate and having their ends projecting from the hardened mass for metallic connection with rods of an adjacent slab, the broad metallic plate also emerging from the concrete mass at each end.

19. A floor slab consisting of a mass of concrete hardened in the form of a slab, a broad metallic plate embedded crosswise in said mass and perpendicular to the faces-of said slab and constituting a strengthening girder of the slab with its ends projecting therefrom, a plurality of saddles embedded in said concrete mass and composed of U-shaped metallic strips extending alon side of and underneath said plate, rods em edded in said concrete mass and passing through 0 enin s in both le s of the saddles and in the roa metallic p ates, and tubes within the concrete mass adjacent the sides of the plate and through which the aforesaid rods pass.

20. In a building, a floor comprising opposite floor girders, in combination with a succession of preformed floor slabs disposed side by side and each bodily fitted between and secured to both said girders, each slab consisting of a mass of hardened concrete having embedded therein main reinforcing bars and reinforcing cross rods, said bars projecting at each end of the slab and secured to the opposite girders and the cross rods projecting at the side of the slab and secured to rods projecting from an adjacent floor slab.

21. In a building, a floor comprising opposite floor girders in combination with a plurality of preformed floor slabs, each odily extended from irder to 'rder and each slab consistin o hardene concrete havin embedded t erein at least one main metalfic structure whose ends project from the concrete and are secured to said girder, and metallic cross members whose ends roject from the slab sides and are secure to corres onding cross members of an adjacent floor s ab.

In witness whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES BENEDICT GRADY.

Witnesses:

FRANK B. McConn, AUBREY Wnmou'rn. 

